The NADS contains several subsystems which
provide the driver with a direct presentation of the driving environment.
These subsystems work in real time to provide a repeatable, natural and
undistorted representation of the visual, motion, auditory and control
feel sensory cues associated with the complete driving environment.
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Visual System
- The Visual System provides the driver a realistic fields of
view, including the rear view mirror images. The driving scene
has three dimensional perspective and is fully correlated with
all of the other sensory stimulus. The Visual System database
includes the full range of current and new highway traffic control
devices (signs, signals and delineation), three dimensional
objects that vehicles encounter (animals, potholes, concrete
joints, pillars, etc.), high density, multiple lane traffic
interacting with driver's vehicle, common intersection types
(including railroad crossings, overpasses, bridge structures,
tunnels, etc.) and roadway time of day and weather environment.
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Motion System
- The Motion System provides a combination of translational
and angular motion that duplicates vehicle motion kinematics
and dynamics within six degrees of freedom. The Motion System
is coordinated with the Vehicle Cab System and its High Frequency
Road Feel and Control Feel System to provide the driver with
realistic motion and haptic cuing during normal driving and
pre-crash scenarios. The motion system is configured and sized
to correctly represent the specific forces and angular rates
associated with actual vehicle motions for the full range of
driving maneuvers.
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Vehicle Cab System -
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| The Vehicle Cab
System consists of four actual vehicle cabs, configured
to fit within the physical environment of the visual dome
on the motion system and provides the driver with a realistic
vehicle driving experiences. The cabs have defined interfaces
and allow rapid interchangeability in order to meet the
desired efficiency standards during NADS operations. The
cabs have a full range of standard, optional and new design
vehicle instrumentation interfaces. The cabs can be reconfigured
to accommodate new technology when it becomes available.
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Control Feel System - The Control
Feel Systems for steering, brakes, clutch, transmission shift and
throttle provide realistic control of feel feedback in response to
driver inputs, vehicle motions and road/tire interactions over the
vehicle maneuvering and operating ranges. The control feel systems
is capable of representing automatic and manual control characteristics
such as power steering, existing and experimental drive trains, Anti-lock
Braking Systems and cruise control. The control feel cuing feedback
has high bandwidth and no discernible delay or distortion associated
with driver control actions or vehicle dynamics.
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Auditory System - The Auditory
System provides motion-correlated, directional sound sources. These
sound sources are coordinated with the full range of the visual sensory
systems database. The auditory database includes sounds emanating
from current and new design highway surfaces, from contact with three
dimensional objects that vehicles encounter (potholes, concrete/tar
joints, pillars, etc.), from high density, multiple lane traffic,
from the vehicle during operation and sounds which reflect roadway
changes due to changes in the weather environments.
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Vehicle Dynamics - The Vehicle
Dynamics software properly represent vehicle motions and control feel
conditions in response to driver control actions, road surface friction
conditions and aerodynamic disturbances. All required vehicle responses
are computed in real time for commanding the Visual, Motion, Cab,
Control Feel and Auditory Systems. The vehicle dynamics models cover
light passenger cars and trucks, and heavy trucks and buses. The models
will encompass normal driving conditions and limit performance maneuvering
that might be encountered during precrash avoidance situations, including
spinout and incipient rollover.
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