DCSIMG

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TECHNICAL REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
INTRODUCTION
METHOD
  MAJOR CONCLUSIONS
GLOSSARY OF TERMS
TABLE OF FIGURES
TABLE OF TABLES
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION AND METHOD
BACKGROUND
METHOD
Instrumentation
Subjects
Vehicles
PROCEDURE FOR DATA REDUCTION: 100-CAR STUDY EVENT DATABASE
Sensitivity Analysis
Recruiting and Training Data Reductionists
Event Database Reduction Software Framework
Baseline Database Framework
Data Reduction Inter- and Intra-Rater Reliability for the 100-Car Study Event Database
SURVEYS, QUESTIONNAIRES AND PERFORMANCE-BASED TESTS
CHAPTER 2: OBJECTIVE 1, WHAT IS THE PREVALENCE AS WELL AS THE TYPES OF DRIVER INATTENTION IN WHICH DRIVERS ENGAGE DURING THEIR DAILY DRIVING? WHAT IS THE RELATIVE NEAR-CRASH/CRASH RISK OF DRIVING WHILE ENGAGING IN AN INATTENTIVE TASK? IS THE RELATIVE NEAR-CRASH/CRASH RISK DIFFERENT FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF SECONDARY TASKS?
Driver Data Included in the Analysis
QUESTION 1. WHAT IS THE RELATIVE FREQUENCY OF A DRIVER BEING LABELED INATTENTIVE VERSUS ATTENTIVE?
QUESTION 2. WHAT IS THE RELATIVE FREQUENCY OF EACH TYPE OF DRIVER INATTENTION BEING LABELED AS A CONTRIBUTING FACTOR FOR CRASHES, NEAR-CRASHES, AND/OR PRESENT IN BASELINE EPOCHS?
QUESTION 3. DETERMINE THE RELATIVE NEAR-CRASH/CRASH RISK AND THE POPULATION ATTRIBUTABLE RISK PERCENTAGE FOR EACH TYPE OF INATTENTION. WHAT IS THE RELATIVE RISK FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF SECONDARY TASKS?
CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 3: OBJECTIVE 2, WHAT ARE THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ASSOCIATED WITH DRIVER CHOICE OF ENGAGEMENT IN SECONDARY TASKS OR DRIVING WHILE DROWSY? WHAT ARE THE RELATIVE RISKS OF A CRASH OR NEAR-CRASH WHEN ENGAGING IN DRIVING INATTENTION WHILE ENCOUNTERING THESE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS?
DATA INCLUDED IN THESE ANALYSES
AMBIENT LIGHT/WEATHER CONDITIONS
Lighting Level
Weather
ROADWAY AND SURFACE CONDITIONS
Road Type
    Roadway Alignment
    Traffic Density
    Surface Condition
ROADWAY INFRASTRUCTURE
Traffic Control
Relation to Junction
SUMMARY
CHAPTER 4: OBJECTIVE 3, DETERMINE THE DIFFERENCES IN DEMOGRAPHIC DATA, TEST BATTERY RESULTS, AND PERFORMANCE-BASED MEASURES BETWEEN INATTENTIVE AND ATTENTIVE DRIVERS. HOW MIGHT THIS KNOWLEDGE BE USED TO MITIGATE THE POTENTIAL NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES OF INATTENTIVE DRIVING BEHAVIORS? COULD THIS INFORMATION BE USED TO IMPROVE DRIVER EDUCATION COURSES OR TRAFFIC SCHOOLS?
DATA INCLUDED IN THESE ANALYSES
ASSIGNMENT OF INVOLVEMENT LEVEL FOR DRIVERS
ANALYSIS ONE: T-TEST ANALYSIS FOR THE “LOW AND HIGH INVOLVEMENT IN INATTENTION-RELATED CRASHES AND NEAR-CRASHES”
Demographic Data Analyses
Driving History
Test Battery Analyses
Performance-based test analyses
ANALYSIS ONE: CORRELATION ANALYSIS FOR THE HIGH- AND LOW-INVOLVEMENT GROUPS
ANALYSIS TWO: F-TEST ANALYSIS FOR THE LOW-, MODERATE-, AND HIGH-INVOLVEMENT GROUPS
Results
ANALYSIS TWO: CORRELATION ANALYSIS FOR THOSE DRIVERS WITH LOW, MODERATE, AND HIGH INVOLVMENT IN INATTENTION-RELATED CRASHES AND NEAR-CRASHES.
ANALYSIS THREE. ARE DRIVERS’ RESPONSES TO THE DEMOGRAPHIC, TEST BATTERY, AND PERFORMANCE-BASED TESTS PREDICTIVE OF INVOLVEMENT IN INATTENTION-RELATED CRASHES AND NEAR-CRASHES?
DISCUSSION. HOW MIGHT THESE RESULTS BE USED TO MITIGATE THE POTENTIAL NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES OF INATTENTIVE DRIVING BEHAVIORS AND COULD THIS INFORMATION BE USED TO IMPROVE DRIVER EDUCATION COURSES OR TRAFFIC SCHOOLS?
SUMMARY
CHAPTER 5: OBJECTIVE 4, WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MEASURES OBTAINED FROM PRE-TEST BATTERIES (E.G., A LIFE STRESS TEST) AND THE FREQUENCY OF ENGAGEMENT IN DISTRACTING BEHAVIORS WHILE DRIVING? DOES THERE APPEAR TO BE ANY CORRELATION BETWEEN WILLINGNESS TO ENGAGE IN DISTRACTING BEHAVIORS AND MEASURES OBTAINED FROM PRE-TEST BATTERIES?
DATA USED IN THIS ANALYSIS
DESCRIPTION OF DATA
CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 6: OBJECTIVE 5, WHAT IS THE RELATIVE NEAR-CRASH/CRASH RISK OF EYES OFF THE FORWARD ROADWAY? DO EYES OFF THE FORWARD ROADWAY SIGNIFICANTLY AFFECT SAFETY AND/OR DRIVING PERFORMANCE?
Data Used in these Analyses
QUESTION 1. WHAT IS THE RELATIVE NEAR-CRASH/CRASH RISK OF EYES OFF THE FORWARD ROADWAY?
QUESTION 2. DO EYES OFF THE FORWARD ROADWAY SIGNIFICANTLY AFFECT SAFETY AND/OR DRIVING PERFORMANCE?
Eye-Glance Location Analysis
CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 7: OBJECTIVE 6, ARE THERE DIFFERENCES IN DRIVING PERFORMANCE FOR DRIVERS WHO ARE ENGAGING IN A DISTRACTION TASK VERSUS THOSE DRIVERS WHO ARE ATTENDING TO DRIVING? ARE SOME OF THE SAFETY SURROGATE MEASURES MORE SENSITIVE TO DRIVING PERFORMANCE DIFFERENCES WHEN DRIVING DISTRACTED VERSUS OTHER SAFETY SURROGATE MEASURES?
DATA USED IN THIS ANALYSIS
STEPWISE SELECTION PROCEDURE AND CANONICAL DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS
DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS
DISCUSSION
CHAPTER 8: CONCLUSIONS
GENERAL CONCLUSIONS
RELATIVE RISK OF A CRASH OR NEAR-CRASH: CONCLUSIONS
POPULATION ATTRIBUTABLE RISK PERCENTAGE CONCLUSIONS
LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
APPLICATION OF RESULTS
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A: SECONDARY TASKS
Passenger-Related Secondary Task
Talking/Singing: No Passenger Apparent
Internal Distraction: Not vehicle or passenger related.
Wireless Device
Vehicle-Related Secondary Task
Dining
Smoking
Daydreaming
External Distraction
Personal Hygiene
Driving-related Inattention to Forward Roadway
APPENDIX B: COPY OF QUESTIONNAIRES
DEMOGRAPHIC QUESTIONNAIRE
DRIVING HISTORY – SUBJECT INTERVIEW
HEALTH ASSESSMENT
DULA DANGEROUS DRIVING INDEX
SLEEP HYGIENE QUESTIONNAIRE
DRIVER STRESS INVENTORY
LIFE STRESS INVENTORY
APPENDIX C: DATA REDUCTION VARIABLES
EVENT VARIABLES
DRIVER STATE VARIABLES
APPENDIX D: ANOVA TABLES